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From 1968:
A typical vacation in 2008 is to spend a week at an undersea resort, where your hotel room window looks out on a tropical underwater reef, a sunken ship or an ancient, excavated city. Available to guests are two- and three-person submarines in which you can cruise well-marked underwater trails.
But many of the predictions are good, at least in part. Get this:
The single most important item in 2008 households is the computer. These electronic brains govern everything from meal preparation and waking up the household to assembling shopping lists and keeping track of the bank balance. Sensors in kitchen appliances, climatizing units, communicators, power supply and other household utilities warn the computer when the item is likely to fail. A repairman will show up even before any obvious breakdown occurs.
Computers also handle travel reservations, relay telephone messages, keep track of birthdays and anniversaries, compute taxes and even figure the monthly bills for electricity, water, telephone and other utilities. Not every family has its private computer. Many families reserve time on a city or regional computer to serve their needs. The machine tallies up its own services and submits a bill, just as it does with other utilities.
Via www.geekpress.com. As usual, it is presumed that traffic and transportation problems will have seen a lot of progress when in fact they have not. Nor was it understood how unevenly the benefits of progress would be distributed and how possible it would be to continue a life basically devoid of these advances.
Sometimes I get depressed about the quality of statistical work in economics. Then I read something from another social science. Here is a recent study where psychologists find that having the initial "K" increases your chance of striking out when playing professional baseball. Why? Well, it's obvious isn't it? The letter "K" is used when keeping score in baseball to represent striking out. So it's obvious now isn't it? Still don't get it? Neither do I. But hey, it's in the data. Between 1913 and 2006, players with first or last initial "K" struck out 18.8% of the time compared to 17.2% for the fortunate players unhandicapped by their initials. Here is the "explanation" of the authors:
Despite a universal desire to avoid striking out, K-initialed players strike out more often. For those players, we argue that the explicitly negative performance outcome may feel implicitly positive. Even Karl "Koley" Kolseth would find a strikeout aversive, but on the whole, he might find it a little less aversive than players who do not share his initials, and avoid it less enthusiastically.
But why? Why would having the initial "K" make striking out more pleasant? I just don't get it. The authors go on to "test" their theory by looking at grades of a sample of MBA students:
The MBA students in our sample are well aware of a direct connection between academic performance and successful job placement. Nevertheless, despite the pervasive desire to achieve high grades, students with an unconsciously-driven fondness for C's and D's were slightly less successful at achieving their conscious goal.
That is, Charles Darwin received poorer grades than Alan Alda. But it turns out that Alan Alda didn't do better than the non-ABCD initialed:
Interestingly, A- or B-initialed students did not perform better than students whose initials were grade-irrelevant. There are two possible explanations for this. First, students with grade-irrelevant initials may already be maximally motivated to succeed. Second, because performance is determined by motivation and ability, any increased motivation to succeed that arises from having initials that match positive performance outcomes may not necessarily translate into increased performance.
There is, of course, a third explanation: there is no real relationship and the authors have been fooled by randomness. Yes, their results are statistically significant. But how many relationships did they explore before finding the ones that were statistically significant. And ho many relationships are there to explore? To really test the theory, you'd have to look at baseball players with the initial "E" and see if they commit more errors than others. You'd have to look at guards in the NBA to see if those with initials "A" have more assists. Centers whose initials include an "R" should be better rebounders. You'd have to look and see whether students with the initials IC were more likely to take an "incomplete" in a class.
I guess Rabbi Jonathan Sacks, the Chief Rabbi of England should have been a football player. Or maybe he just gets fired more often than the average Briton because it doesn't bother him as much as someone with a different last name.
Did Kafka know baseball scoring? Does this explain why he found success in life so difficult? Is this why he named a character "K"?
Do players whose initials are a backwards "K" strike out looking more than the average?
If international minimum standards of about four square metres for every prisoner were met, the National Penitentiary would hold a little more than 400 inmates. On the day Maclean's visits the prison, there are 3,331 men jailed inside. Most, at least 90 per cent, have not had a trial. They are held under the euphemistic term "preventative detention," and because of a lack of judges, proper evidence, and even vehicles to transport them to court, it is unlikely many will be tried any time soon. "People sleep on top of people in here," one prisoner says through the bars of a bathroom-sized cell that holds 43 people. Most are standing. Others have fashioned hammocks out of scraps of cloth and have suspended themselves from the bars of the cell's high window, where they can get more light and air...
Here is more. And that is not all:
There is a punishment cell, perhaps four feet tall, where no one can stand. The punishment cell is crowded, but less so than other cells, and some inmates prefer it. "You have people who do things wrong just so they have a place to lie down or to be safe from gangs," Cadet says.
Here is a video about recent food riots in Haiti, and no those are not in the prisons.